The Jorox River originates in the Sierra Prieta massif—a karst landscape—and carves out a narrow valley about 2,500 meters long, where there is evidence of human activity dating back to prehistoric times. Starting at the river’s source, work began on planning a network of canals, irrigation ditches, and secondary branches, which expanded over time, along with the settlements and the land area devoted to agricultural production.
According to research conducted by Antonio Ordóñez Frías, the irrigation systems developed at this site likely date back to the Al-Andalus period, when intensive irrigation agriculture was adopted, with later expansions.
The spring has a large surface catchment area, with medium-to-high precipitation at its headwaters averaging around 900 mm/year. This characteristic ensures a minimum flow during the summer months, and there is no historical record of total drought—a key factor that has allowed for the maintenance of the irrigated agricultural system and the associated industrial infrastructure (water-powered mills).
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